警告
本文最后更新于 2019-12-11，文中内容可能已过时。
随着技术的发展，现在主流的 Intel CPU 的主频都能达到 3GHz 以上，而且还支持超频技术。为了最大的获取 CPU 的性能，我们可以对 cstate 进行调整。
Ubuntu 设置
与开机项有关的参数设置在 /etc/default/grub，可以对其进行调整
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cat /etc/default/grub
# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
# info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'
GRUB_DEFAULT=0
GRUB_TIMEOUT_STYLE=hidden
GRUB_TIMEOUT=10
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR=`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""
# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"
# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL=console
# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE=640x480
# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID=true
# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"
# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"
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然后找到 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT 所在的那行，增加配置
- processor.max_cstate=0
- intel_idle.max_cstate=0
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sudo vim /etc/default/grub
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash processor.max_cstate=0 intel_idle.max_cstate=0"
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然后更新 grub
另外可以设置CPU的scale-governor
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cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor
## 设置CPU模式, 分别根据CPU 0-n 的编号进行设置
echo performance > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor
echo performance > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu1/cpufreq/scaling_governor
echo performance > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu2/cpufreq/scaling_governor
echo performance > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu3/cpufreq/scaling_governor
systemctl disable ondemand
/etc/rc.local
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_cur_freq
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重启后即可实现超频。
使用命令
cpufreq-info 查看当前 CPU 运行cpufreq-set 也可以进行单独设置cpufreq-aperf 用于计算一段时间内的平均频率
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sudo apt install cpufrequtils
## 查看当前运行
cpufreq-info
cpufrequtils 008: cpufreq-info (C) Dominik Brodowski 2004-2009
Report errors and bugs to cpufreq@vger.kernel.org, please.
analyzing CPU 0:
driver: intel_pstate
CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0
CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0
maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms.
hardware limits: 800 MHz - 3.60 GHz
available cpufreq governors: performance, powersave
current policy: frequency should be within 800 MHz and 3.60 GHz.
The governor "performance" may decide which speed to use
within this range.
current CPU frequency is 1.52 GHz.
analyzing CPU 1:
driver: intel_pstate
CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 1
CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 1
maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms.
hardware limits: 800 MHz - 3.60 GHz
available cpufreq governors: performance, powersave
current policy: frequency should be within 800 MHz and 3.60 GHz.
The governor "performance" may decide which speed to use
within this range.
current CPU frequency is 2.66 GHz.
analyzing CPU 2:
driver: intel_pstate
CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 2
CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 2
maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms.
hardware limits: 800 MHz - 3.60 GHz
available cpufreq governors: performance, powersave
current policy: frequency should be within 800 MHz and 3.60 GHz.
The governor "performance" may decide which speed to use
within this range.
current CPU frequency is 960 MHz.
analyzing CPU 3:
driver: intel_pstate
CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 3
CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 3
maximum transition latency: 4294.55 ms.
hardware limits: 800 MHz - 3.60 GHz
available cpufreq governors: performance, powersave
current policy: frequency should be within 800 MHz and 3.60 GHz.
The governor "performance" may decide which speed to use
within this range.
current CPU frequency is 1.05 GHz.
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CentOS 设置
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sudo vim /etc/default/grub
## 找到 GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT
## 然后增加 processor.max_cstate=1 intel_idle.max_cstate=0
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="${GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT:+$GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT }\$tuned_params processor.max_cstate=1 intel_idle.max_cstate=0"
## 更新配置
sudo grub2-mkconfig –o /boot/grub2/grub.cfg
## 重启即可，有可能会报警 CPU 温度过热，在启动项里忽略即可运行
sudo reboot now
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查看当前运行情况
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sudo cpupower monitor -m Idle_Stats
|Idle_Stats
CPU | POLL | C1-S | C1E- | C3-S | C6-S | C7s- | C8-S | C9-S | C10-
0| 0.00| 99.39| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00
1| 0.00| 98.98| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00
2| 0.00| 95.21| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00
3| 0.00| 97.58| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00
4| 0.00| 99.88| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00
5| 0.00| 99.38| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00
sudo cpupower frequency-info
analyzing CPU 0:
driver: intel_pstate
CPUs which run at the same hardware frequency: 0
CPUs which need to have their frequency coordinated by software: 0
maximum transition latency: Cannot determine or is not supported.
hardware limits: 800 MHz - 4.10 GHz
available cpufreq governors: performance powersave
current policy: frequency should be within 800 MHz and 4.10 GHz.
The governor "performance" may decide which speed to use
within this range.
current CPU frequency: 3.54 GHz (asserted by call to hardware)
boost state support:
Supported: yes
Active: yes
## 查看当前cpu模式
cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu*/cpufreq/scaling_governor
performance
performance
performance
performance
performance
performance
## 设置CPU模式, 分别根据CPU 0-n 的编号进行设置
echo performance > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_governor
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c-state 各种状态表
| mode |
Name |
What id does |
CPUs |
| C1 |
Operating State |
CPU fully turned on |
All CPUs |
| C1E |
Halt |
Stops CPU main internal clocks via software; bus interface unit and APIC are kept running at full speed |
486DX4 and above |
| C1E |
Enhanced Halt |
Stops CPU main internal clocks via software and reduces CPU voltage; bus interface unit and APIC are kept running at full speed |
All socket 775 CPUs |
| C1E |
– |
Stops all CPU internal clocks |
Turion 64, 65-nm Athlon X2 and Phenom CPUs |
| C2 |
Stop Grant |
Stops CPU main internal clocks via hardware; bus interface unit and APIC are kept running at full speed |
486DX4 and above |
| C2 |
Stop Clock |
Stops CPU internal and external clocks via hardware |
Only 486DX4, Pentium, Pentium MMX, K5, K6, K6-2, K6-III |
| C2E |
Extended Stop Grant |
Stops CPU main internal clocks via hardware and reduces CPU voltage; bus interface unit and APIC are kept running at full speed |
Core 2 Duo and above (Intel only) |
| C3 |
Sleep |
Stops all CPU internal clocks |
Pentium II, Athlon and above, but not on Core 2 Duo E4000 and E6000 |
| C3 |
Deep Sleep |
Stops all CPU internal and external clocks |
Pentium II and above, but not on Core 2 Duo E4000 and E6000; Turion 64 |
| C3 |
AltVID |
Stops all CPU internal clocks and reduces CPU voltage |
AMD Turion 64 |
| C4 |
Deeper Sleep |
Reduces CPU voltage |
Pentium M and above, but not on Core 2 Duo E4000 and E6000 series; AMD Turion 64 |
| C4E/C5 |
Enhanced Deeper Sleep |
Reduces CPU voltage even more and turns off the memory cache |
Core Solo, Core Duo and 45-nm mobile Core 2 Duo only |
| C6 |
Deep Power Down |
Reduces the CPU internal voltage to any value, including 0 V |
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william 收录于 Programming
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